郎靜山 Lang Jingshan CHINA, 1892-1995

亞洲攝影之父

郎靜山(1892–1995)是中國攝影史上極具影響力的人物之一,被譽為「亞洲攝影之父」。在其長達一世紀的生命歷程中,他不僅引領了華語世界攝影的發展,也對整個東亞攝影領域產生深遠影響。1930 年代,他創立的「集錦攝影」技法,巧妙地將中國傳統山水畫的精神與攝影語言融合,不僅奠定亞洲攝影的基礎,更為東方與西方藝術之間搭起橋樑,影響深遠,延續至今。

 

1949 年,郎靜山受美國新聞處之邀前往台灣,並定居於此。儘管離開中國,他仍持續運用在中國、台灣及香港拍攝的底片創作「集錦攝影」,在動盪的亞洲現代化過程中,堅守其文化根源,追尋並呈現他心中最能體現中國山水精神的圖像。此種創作方法在當時的亞洲前所未有,也成為他最廣受國際矚目的代表性貢獻之一。自 1960 年代起,郎靜山的集錦攝影逐步融入人物形象,特別是中國近代重要書畫家如張大千等人,進一步擴展其作品的文化與藝術層次。

 

遷居台灣後,郎靜山積極投入攝影教育與推廣工作,對中國乃至東亞攝影發展皆有深遠影響。他也始終活躍於國際攝影藝術領域:1968 年受柯達公司之邀參觀位於紐約的膠片工廠;1980 年被美國攝影學會評選為全球十大攝影家之一。自 1981 年起,郎靜山多次與法國進行文化交流,包括於巴黎賽塔博物館舉辦個展、捐贈作品予法國國家圖書館,並受邀參加首屆亞爾攝影節(Rencontres d'Arles)。1983 年於圖盧茲水塔畫廊舉行個展,該展部分作品後由圖盧茲自然歷史博物館收藏。1991 年,北京故宮博物院為其舉辦百歲回顧展,為其藝術生涯畫下重要里程碑。

 

郎靜山於 1995 年在台北辭世,享壽 103 歲。他的藝術遺產不僅包含極具歷史價值的重要作品,更在亞洲攝影發展歷程中留下無可取代的深遠影響。自其辭世以來,郎靜山的藝術成就持續受到國際學界與藝術市場關注。2017 年,蘇富比為其舉辦專場拍賣;2013 年,中國美術館亦舉辦大型回顧展。其作品現為多家國際重要機構永久典藏,包括圖盧茲博物館、香港 M+ 視覺文化博物館、東京寫真美術館、福岡亞洲美術館、台北市立美術館、台北市立歷史博物館與中國美術館等。

 

Father of Asian Photography

Lang JingShan (1892–1995) is one of the most significant figures in the history of Chinese photography, often referred to as the "Father of Asian Photography." Over his century-long life, he not only led the development of photography in the Chinese-speaking world but also in East Asia. His innovative "Composite Photography," developed in the 1930s, creatively infused the spirit of traditional Chinese landscape painting into photography, laying the foundation for photography in Asia and bridging it back to its Western roots, creating a lasting impact for nearly a century.

 

In 1949, Lang was invited to Taiwan by the United States Information Service and settled there. Even after leaving mainland China, he continued to use negatives shot in China, Taiwan, and Hong Kong to create his "Composite Photography," steadfastly maintaining his Chinese roots amid the tumultuous modern Asia, capturing what he deemed to be the essence of Chinese landscapes. This method was unprecedented in Asia and became one of Lang's most celebrated contributions globally. Beginning in the 1960s, his "Composite Photography" began to feature figures, most often depicting famous calligraphers and painters like Zhang Daqian.

 

After moving to Taiwan, Lang actively engaged in photography education and promotion, making significant contributions to Chinese and East Asian photography. He also remained active in international photography art activities; in 1968, he was invited by Kodak to visit a film factory in New York, and in 1980, he was named one of the top ten photographers by the Photographic Association of America. Starting in 1981, Lang had multiple exchanges with France, including an exhibition at the Musée-Galerie de la Seita in Paris, donating works to the National Library of France and being invited to the first Rencontres d'Arles photography festival. In 1983, he held another solo exhibition at the Galerie du Château d'Eau in France, with works later acquired by the Muséum de Toulouse. In 1991, he had a centennial solo exhibition at the Palace Museum in Beijing.

 

Lang JingShan passed away at the age of 103 in Taipei in 1995. His legacy includes not only invaluable works of significant historical importance but also an immeasurable influence on Asian photography. Since his passing, his work and achievements have continued to garner international scholarly and market interest. Sotheby's held a dedicated auction for Lang JingShan in 2017, while the National Art Museum of China hosted a special exhibition in 2013. His works are also part of collections at various prestigious institutions, including the Musée de Toulouse, M+ in Hong Kong, the Tokyo Photographic Art Museum, the Fukuoka Asian Art Museum, the Taipei Fine Arts Museum, the Taipei History Museum, and the National Art Museum of China.